Publications

* indicates equal contribution.  /  Google Scholar

2026
An Agentic System for Rare Disease Diagnosis with Traceable Reasoning
Weike Zhao*, Chaoyi Wu*, Yongheng Fan*, Pengcheng Qiu, Xiaoman Zhang, Yuze Sun, Xiao Zhou, Yongbing Peng, et al.
Nature, 2026
A Clinical Environment Simulator for Dynamic AI Evaluation
Luyang Luo*, Sung Eun Kim*, Xiaoman Zhang, Jan M. Kernbach, Roshan Kenia, Julián N. Acosta, et al.
Nature Medicine, 2026
Opportunistic Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Using Routine Head CT in the Emergency Department
Xiaoman Zhang*, Julián N. Acosta*, Siddhant Dogra, Erica N. Silva, Sanjay Basu, Harlan M. Krumholz, Rohan Khera, Pranav Rajpurkar, David Kim
JACC, 2026
MAP: A Knowledge-driven Framework for Predicting Single-cell Responses for Unprofiled Drugs
Jinghao Feng*, Ziheng Zhao*, Xiaoman Zhang*, Mingfei Liu, Jingyi Chen, Xingran Quan, Boyang Fu, Jian Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie
bioRxiv, 2026
Phenotypic Bioactivity Prediction as Open-set Biological Assay Querying
Yuze Sun*, Xiaoman Zhang*, Qiaoyu Zheng, Hanzheng Li, Jianming Zhang, Liang Hong, Yanfeng Wang, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie
bioRxiv, 2026
ReX-MLE: The Autonomous Agent Benchmark for Medical Imaging Challenges
Roshan Kenia*, Xiaoman Zhang*, Pranav Rajpurkar
MIDL (Oral), 2026
ReXSonoVQA: A Video QA Benchmark for Procedure-Centric Ultrasound Understanding
Xinran Wang, Xiaoman Zhang, Sung Eun Kim, Arijit Pal, Pranav Rajpurkar
CHIL, 2026
Automated Chest X-ray Report Generation Remains Unsolved
Xiaoman Zhang, Julián N. Acosta, Xiaoli Yang, Suvarna Adithan, Luyang Luo, Hong-Yu Zhou, Josh Miller, et al.
PSB, 2026
3DReasonKnee: Advancing Grounded Reasoning in Medical Vision Language Models
Sahana Sambara, Sung Eun Kim, Xiaoman Zhang, Luyang Luo, Shreya Johri, Mohammed Baharoon, Du Hyun Ro, et al.
PSB, 2026
ED-Explain: Personalized Video Instructions for Patients Discharged from the Emergency Department
Luyang Luo, Emma Chen, Xiaoman Zhang, Julián N. Acosta, Brandon T. Jin, Fatih Gunturkun, Catherine Rose, et al.
PSB, 2026
2025
Towards Generalist Foundation Model for Radiology by Leveraging Web-scale 2D & 3D Medical Data
Chaoyi Wu*, Xiaoman Zhang*, Yanfeng Wang, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie
Nature Communications, 2025
Large-Vocabulary Segmentation for Medical Images with Text Prompts
Ziheng Zhao, Yao Zhang, Chaoyi Wu, Xiaoman Zhang, Xiao Zhou, Ya Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Weidi Xie
npj Digital Medicine, 2025
RadGenome-Chest CT: A Grounded Vision-Language Dataset for Chest CT Analysis
Xiaoman Zhang, Chaoyi Wu, Ziheng Zhao, Jiayu Lei, Wei Tian, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie, Yanfeng Wang
Nature Scientific Data, 2025
The Financial, Operational, and Clinical Advantages of Generalist Radiology AI
Siddhant Dogra, Xiaoman Zhang, Erica Silva III, Pranav Rajpurkar
Radiology, 2025
Interpretable Brain MRI Report Generation Anchored by Lesion Topography
Jiayu Lei, Xiaoman Zhang, Chaoyi Wu, Lisong Dai, Ya Zhang, Yanyong Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Weidi Xie, Yuehua Li
JBHI, 2025
UniBrain: Universal Brain MRI Diagnosis with Hierarchical Knowledge-enhanced Pre-training
Jiayu Lei, Lisong Dai, Haoyun Jiang, Chaoyi Wu, Xiaoman Zhang, Ya Zhang, Jianhua Yao, Weidi Xie, Yanfeng Wang, et al.
Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, 2025
FactCheXcker: Mitigating Measurement Hallucinations in Chest X-ray Report Generation Models
Alice Heiman, Xiaoman Zhang, Emma Chen, Sung Eun Kim, Pranav Rajpurkar
CVPR, 2025
ReXGroundingCT: A 3D Chest CT Dataset for Segmentation of Findings from Free-Text Reports
Mohammed Baharoon, Luyang Luo, Michael Moritz, Abhinav Kumar, Sung Eun Kim, Xiaoman Zhang, Miao Zhu, et al.
arXiv, 2025
State-of-the-Art Text-Prompted Medical Segmentation Models Struggle to Ground Chest CT Findings
Mohammed Baharoon, Luyang Luo, Michael Moritz, Abhinav Kumar, Sung Eun Kim, Xiaoman Zhang, Miao Zhu, et al.
Machine Learning for Health (ML4H), 2025
International Retrospective Observational Study of Continual Learning for AI on Endotracheal Tube Placement from Chest Radiographs
Emma Chen*, Agustina Saenz*, Oishi Banerjee, Henrik Marklund, Xiaoman Zhang, et al., Pranav Rajpurkar
NEJM AI, 2025
ReXrank: A Public Leaderboard for AI-Powered Radiology Report Generations
Xiaoman Zhang, Hong-Yu Zhou, Xiaoli Yang, Oishi Banerjee, Julián N. Acosta, Josh Miller, Ouwen Huang, et al.
AAAI Bridge Program - AIMedHealth, 2025
Uncovering Knowledge Gaps in Radiology Report Generation Models through Knowledge Graphs
Xiaoman Zhang, Julián N. Acosta, Hong-Yu Zhou, Pranav Rajpurkar
CHIL, 2025
HeadCT-ONE: Enabling Granular and Controllable Automated Evaluation of Head CT Radiology Report Generation
Julián N. Acosta*, Xiaoman Zhang*, Siddhant Dogra, Hong-Yu Zhou, Seyedmehdi Payabvash, Guido J. Falcone, et al.
CHIL, 2025
ReXGradient-160K: A Large-Scale Publicly Available Dataset of Chest Radiographs with Free-Text Reports
Xiaoman Zhang, Julián N. Acosta, Josh Miller, Ouwen Huang, Pranav Rajpurkar
ML4H, 2025
2024
Large-Scale Long-Tailed Disease Diagnosis on Radiology Images
Qiaoyu Zheng*, Weike Zhao*, Chaoyi Wu*, Xiaoman Zhang, Ya Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Weidi Xie
Nature Communications, 2024
PMC-LLaMA: Towards Building Open-source Language Models for Medicine
Chaoyi Wu*, Weixiong Lin*, Xiaoman Zhang, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie, Yanfeng Wang
Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 2024
PMC-VQA: Visual Instruction Tuning for Medical Visual Question Answering
Xiaoman Zhang*, Chaoyi Wu*, Ziheng Zhao, Weixiong Lin, Yanfeng Wang, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie
Communications Medicine, 2024
Towards Building Multilingual Language Model for Medicine
Pengcheng Qiu*, Chaoyi Wu*, Xiaoman Zhang, Weixiong Lin, Haicheng Wang, Ya Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Weidi Xie
Nature Communications, 2024
RaTEScore: A Metric for Radiology Report Generation
Weike Zhao, Chaoyi Wu, Xiaoman Zhang, Ya Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Weidi Xie
EMNLP, 2024
Knowledge-enhanced Visual-Language Pretraining for Computational Pathology
Xiao Zhou, Xiaoman Zhang, Chaoyi Wu, Ya Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Weidi Xie
ECCV (Oral), 2024
ReXplain: Translating Radiology into Patient-Friendly Video Reports
Luyang Luo, Jenanan Vairavamurthy, Xiaoman Zhang, Abhinav Kumar, Ramon R. Ter-Oganesyan, et al.
AAAI Bridge Program - AIMedHealth, 2025 (Best Paper)
2023
Knowledge-enhanced Visual-Language Pre-training on Chest Radiology Images
Xiaoman Zhang, Chaoyi Wu, Yanfeng Wang, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie
Nature Communications, 2023
MedKLIP: Medical Knowledge Enhanced Language-Image Pre-Training for X-ray Diagnosis
Chaoyi Wu, Xiaoman Zhang, Ya Zhang, Yanfeng Wang, Weidi Xie
ICCV, 2023
PMC-CLIP: Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training using Biomedical Documents
Weixiong Lin*, Ziheng Zhao*, Xiaoman Zhang, Chaoyi Wu, Yanfeng Wang, Ya Zhang, Weidi Xie
MICCAI, 2023 (Final List of MICCAI Young Scientist Publication Impact Award)
Can GPT-4V(ision) Serve Medical Applications? Case Studies on GPT-4V for Multimodal Medical Diagnosis
Chaoyi Wu, Jiayu Lei, Qiaoyu Zheng, Weike Zhao, Weixiong Lin, Xiaoman Zhang, Xiao Zhou, Ziheng Zhao, et al.
arXiv, 2023
Self-supervised Tumor Segmentation with Sim2Real Adaptation
Xiaoman Zhang, Weidi Xie, Chao Huang, Ya Zhang, Xin Chen, Qi Tian, Yanfeng Wang
JBHI, 2023

← Back to homepage


Based on a template by Jon Barron.